

Immpact Toolkit: References
Version 2
References
AbouZahr C (1998) Maternal mortality overview. In: Murray CJ, Lopez AD (eds). Health dimensions of sex and reproduction. Geneva: WHO.
AbouZahr C, Wardlaw T (2001) Maternal mortality at the end of a decade: signs of progress? Bull World Health Org, 79 (6), 561-8.
Armar-Klemesu M, Graham W, Arhinful D, Hussein J, Asante F, Witter S, Deganus S, Aikins M, Bosu W, Tornui J, Kusi A, Penfold S and Zakariah S (2006) An Evaluation of Ghana's Policy of Universal Fee Exemption for Delivery Care: Preliminary Findings, Immpact, University of Ghana and University of Aberdeen.
Atrash H, Alexander S, Berg C (1995) Maternal mortality in developed countries: not just a concern of the past. Obstet Gynecol, 86, 700-5.
Baggaley RF, Ganaba R, Filippi V, Kere M, Marshall T, Sombie I, Storeng KT and Patel V (2007 - In Press) Detecting depression after pregnancy: the validity of the K10 and K6 in Burkina Faso. Tropical Medicine & International Health.
Bell J, Oedraogo M, Ganaba R, Sombie I, Byass P, Baggaley R, Filippi V, Fitzmaurice AE and Graham W (forthcoming). The epidemiology of maternal outcomes in two districts of south-eastern Burkina Faso. Tropical Medicine & International Health, Special Supplement on Immpact Burkina Faso, forthcoming 2007.
Berg C, Atrash H, Koonin L, Tucker M (1998) Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States, 1987-1990. Obstet Gynecol, 88, 161-7.
Borghi J, Hanson KH, Acquah CA, Ekanmian G, Filippie V, Ronsmans C, Brugha R, Browne E and Alihonou E (2003) Costs of near-miss obstetric complications for women and their families in Benin and Ghana, Health Policy and Planning, 18 (4).
Bouvier-Colle MH, Varnoux N, Costes P, Hatton F (1991) Reasons for the under-reporting of maternal mortality in France, as indicated by a survey of all deaths among women of childbearing age. Intl J Epidemiol, 20, 717-21.
Bowling A. Measuring Health: A Review of Quality of Life Measurement Scales. Second edition. Buckingham: Open university press.
Brouwer WBF, Koopmanschap MA and Rutten FFH (1999) Productivity losses without absence: measurement validation and empirical evidence, Health Policy, 48, pp.13-27. Campbell M, Fitzpatrick R, Haines A, Kinmonth AL, Sandercock P, Spiegelhalter D, Tyrer P (2000) Framework for design and evaluation of complex interventions to improve health. BMJ 2000, 321 (7262), 694-696.
Campbell OMR and Graham WJ (2006) Strategies for reducing maternal mortality: getting on with what works. The Lancet, 368 (9543), 1284-1299.
Chikwama C, Asante FA, Daniels A and Newlands D (2006) Assessment of Methods for Measuring and Valuing Productivity Costs of Maternal Ill Health in Ghana, Final Report, Immpact, University of Aberdeen.
De Bernis L, Sherratt DR, AbouZahr C, Van Lerberghe W (2003) Skilled attendants for pregnancy, childbirth and postnatal care. British Medical Bulletin Pregnancy: Reducing maternal death and disability, 67, 39-57.
Drummond MF, Stoddard GL and Torrance GW (1997) Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
El Kady AA, Saleh S, Gadalla S, Fortney J, Bayoumi H (1989). Obstetric deaths in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. BJOG, 96 (1), 9-14.
Elo I (1992) Utilization of maternal health services in Peru: the role of women's education. Health Transit Review, 2, 61.
Ensor T, Chapman G, Barro M (2006) Paying and motivating CSPS staff in Burkina Faso: evidence from two districts. Aberdeen and Burkina Faso: Policy and Health Systems, Immpact.
Ensor T, Chapman G, Witter S, Cooper S (2007) A methodology for evaluating financial incentives to deliver maternal health care. Aberdeen: Immpact.
Ensor T, Najib M, Sucahya P, Quayyum Z (2006) How do village midwives earn a living in Indonesia? Evidence from two districts in Banten Province. Aberdeen and Jakarta: Policy and Health Systems/Economic Outcomes, Immpact.
Ensor T, Ronoh J (2005) Effective financing of maternal health services: a review of the literature. Health Policy, 75 (1), 49-58. Family Care International (2002) Skilled care during childbirth: policy brief. Family Care International.
Filippi V, Ronsmans C, Gandaho T, Graham W, Alihonou E and Santos P (2000). Women's reports of severe (near miss) obstetric complications in Benin. Studies in Family Planning; 31(4):309-24. Graham WJ (2002) Now or never: the case for measuring maternal mortality. The Lancet, 359 (9307), 701-704.
Graham W, Brass W, Snow RW (1989) Estimating maternal mortality: the sisterhood method. Studies in Family Planning, 20 (3), 125-35.
Graham WJ, Wagaarachchi P, Penney G, McCaw-Binns A, Yeboah-Antwi K, Hall MH (2000). Criteria for clinical audit of the quality of hospital-based obstetric care in developing countries. Bull World Health Org, 78 (5), 614-20.
Habicht JP, Victora CG, Vaughan JP (1999) Evaluation designs for adequacy, plausibility and probability of public health programme performance and impact. International Journal of Epidemiology 1999, 28 (1) 10-18.
Hussein J (2007). Improving the use of confidential enquiries into maternal deaths in developing countries. Bull World Health Org, 85(1), 68-9.
Hussein J, Bell J, Nazzar A, Abbey M, Adjei S, Graham WJ (2004). The Skilled Attendance Index (SAI): Proposal for a new measure of skilled attendance at delivery. Reproductive Health Matters, 12 (24), 160-70.
Hunt L, Glantz N, Halperin D (2002) Childbirth care seeking behaviour in Chiapas. Health Care for Women International, 23, 98-118. Immpact (unpublished). EAE Concept Paper, 2003
Jentsch B, Hussein J (2007) Developing a Guideline of Good Practice in a North-South health research collaboration: a participatory approach Social Policy and Society, 6 (2),179-191.
Kessler RC, Andrews G, Colpe LJ, et al. (2002) Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress Psychol Med (32):959-76.
Kleinman KP (2003) Good study design and analysis plans as features of ethical research with humans. IRB: Ethics and Human Research, 25 (5),11-14.
Leeuw FL (2003) Reconstructing Program Theories: Methods available and problems to be solved. American Journal of Evaluation, 24 (1), 5-20.
Lewis G (2001). Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths. In: Wagaarachchi PT, Graham WJ, Penney GC, McCaw-Binns A, Yeboah-Antwi K, Hall MH (2001). Holding up a mirror: changing obstetric practice through criterion-based clinical audit in developing countries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 74, 119-30.
Lewis G (2004) Confidential enquiries into maternal deaths. In: WHO (2004). Beyond the numbers: reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Lewis G, Berg C (2004) Practical issues in implementing the approaches. In: WHO (2004) Beyond the numbers: reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: World Health Organization, 19-42.
Lindsay AC (2002) Integrating quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the impact of child survival programs in developing countries: the case of a program evaluation in Ceara, Northeast Brazil. Health Education & Behavior, 29 (5), 570-584.
Madi BC, Hussein J, Hounton S, D'Ambruoso L, Achadi E, Arhinful DK (2007) Setting priorities for safe motherhood programme evaluation: a participatory process in three developing countries. Health Policy and Planning, 83 (1), 94-104
Milne L, Scotland G, Tagiyeva-Milne N, Hussein J (2004) Safe motherhood programme evaluation: theory and practice. Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health, 49 (4) 338-344.
Mukuria C and Newlands D (2005) A Review of the Productivity Costs of Maternal Ill Health in Developing Countries, Immpact, University of Aberdeen.
NCCEMD, National Committee for the Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths (1998). Interim Report on the Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in South Africa. Available online at: http://www.doh.gov.za/docs/reports/1998/mat_deaths.html#chap%209
Nuffield Council on Bioethics (2002) The Ethics of Research Related to Health Care in Developing Countries. London, Nuffield Council on Bioethics. 205pp
Øvretveit J (2002) Action evaluation of health programmes and changes. Abingdon, Radcliffe Medical Press.
Øvretveit J (1998) Evaluating health interventions. Buckingham: Open University Press.
Pattinson RC and Hall M (2003). Near misses: a useful adjunct to maternal death enquiries. B Med Bull, 67, 231-43.
Patton MQ (1987) How to Use Qualitative Methods in Evaluation. London: Sage.
Pawson R, Tilley N (1997) Realistic evaluation. London: Sage. 235pp
Pope C, Ziebland S, Mays N (2000) Analysing qualitative data. BMJ, 320 (7227), 114-116.
Pritchard C and Sculpher M (2000) Productivity Costs: Principles and Practice in Economic Evaluation, London: Office of Health Economics.
Quayyum Z, Ensor T, Najib M (2005) Economic and financial analysis of midwifery programme in Indonesia: Allocative and technical efficiency, and equity. Jakarta: Immpact.
Rankin J, Bush J, Bell R, Cresswell P, Renwick M (2006). Impacts of participating in confidential enquiry panels: a qualitative study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 113 (4), 387-92.
Ronsmans C (1996) Studies validating women's reports of reproductive ill health: how useful are they? Prepared for the seminar on Innovative Approaches to the Assessment of Reproductive Health, IUSSP, 24-27 September 1996, Manila, The Philippines.
Ronsmans C, Achadi E, Cohen S, Zazri A (1997) Women's recall of obstetric complications in south Kalimantan, Indonesia. Studies in Family Planning; 28(3):203-14.
Ronsmans C, Etard JF, Walraven G, Hoj L, Dumont A, Bernis L, Kodio B (2003) Maternal mortality and access to obstetric services in West Africa. Trop Med Intl Health, 8, 940-8.
Ronsmans C, Filippi V (2004) Reviewing severe maternal morbidity: learning from survivors of life-threatening complications. In: WHO (2004) Beyond the numbers. Geneva, World Health Organization.
Ronsmans C, Graham WJ (2006) Maternal Mortality: who, when, where, and why. The Lancet, 368 (9542), 1189-1200.
Russell S (2004) The economic burden of illness for households in developing countries, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 7, Supplement 2, pp. 147-55.
Rutstein SO, Johnson K (2004) The DHS Wealth Index. Calverton MD: ORC Macro (DHS Comparative Reports no. 6). SAFE International Research Partnership (2003) SAFE Strategy Development Tool: A guide for developing strategies to improve skilled attendance at delivery. The Dugald Baird Centre for Research on Women's Health, University of Aberdeen, Scotland Available on line at http://www.abdn.ac.uk/dugaldbairdcentre/safe.
Salanave B, Bouvier-Colle MH, Varnoux N, Alexander S, MacFarlane A (1999) Classification differences and maternal mortality: a European study. MOMS Group. Int J Epidemiol, 28, 64-9.
Sassi F (2003) Setting priorities for the evaluation of health interventions: when theory does not meet practice. Health Policy, 63 (2) 141-154
Sauerborn R, Adams A and Hien M (1996) Household strategies to cope with the economic costs of illness, Social Science and Medicine, 43 (3), pp. 291-301.
Seoane G, Castrillo M, O'Rourke K (1998) A validation study of maternal self-reports of obstetrical complications: implications for health surveys. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 62: 229-236.
Shediac-Rizkallah MC, Bone LR (1998) Planning for the sustainability of community-based health programs: conceptual frameworks and future directions for research, practice and policy. Health Education Research, 13 (1), 87-108.
Stanton C, Abderrahim N, Hill K (1997) DHS maternal mortality indicators: an assessment of data quality and implications for data use. Calverton, MD, Macro International Inc., (Demographic and Health Surveys Analytical Report No. 4).
Stanton C, Hobcraft J, Hill K, Kodjogbe N, Mapeta WT, Munene F, Naghavi M, Rabeza V, Sisouphanthong B, Campbell O (2001) Every death counts: measurement of maternal mortality via a census. Bulletin World Health Organ, 79 (7), 657-64.
Stanton C, Lawn JE, Rahman H, Wilczynska-Ketende K, Hill K (2006) Stillbirth rates: delivering estimates in 190 countries, The Lancet, 367 (9521),1487-94.
Stewart MK, Festin M (1995) Validation study of women's reporting and recall of major obstetric complications treated at the Philippine General Hospital. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics; 48 Suppl:S53-66.
Sundari T (1992) The untold story: how health care systems in developing countries contribute to maternal mortality, Int J Health Serv, 22, 513-28. UNICEF/WHO/UNFPA (1997). Guidelines for monitoring the availability and use of obstetric services. New York: UNICEF.
Wagaarachchi PT, Graham WJ, Penney GC, McCaw-Binns A, Yeboah-Antwi K, Hall MH (2001). Holding up a mirror: changing obstetric practice through criterion-based clinical audit in developing countries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 74, 119-30.
Wagstaff A and van Doorslaer E (2003) Catastrophe and impoverishment in paying for health care: with applications to Vietnam 1993-98, Health Economics, 12.Weinberg JM, Witter S, Ensor T (2007) Evaluating a health financing policy change: tools and methods. Aberdeen: Immpact.
WHO (2006) The World Health Report 2006: Working Together for Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.
WHO (2004a) Maternal mortality in 2000: estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA. Geneva: World Health Organization.
WHO (2004b) Beyond the numbers: reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: World Health Organization. 142pp.
WHO (2003). Integrated management of pregnancy and childbirth. In: Pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and newborn care: a guide for essential practice. Geneva: Department of Reproductive Health and Research, World Health Organization.
WHO (1997) The sisterhood method for estimating maternal mortality: guidance notes for potential users. Geneva: World Health Organization.
WHO (1989) The role of the health services in preventing maternal deaths. In: Royston E, Armstrong S (Eds) Preventing maternal deaths. Geneva: World Health Organization, pp. 153-83.
Yanagisawa S, Oum S, Wakai S (2006) Determinants of skilled birth attendance in rural Cambodia, Trop Med Intl Health, 11, 238-51.
Other relevant references on measuring maternal mortality
Danel I, Graham W, Stupp P, Castillo P (1996) Applying the sisterhood method for estimating maternal mortality to a health facility-based sample: a comparison with results from a household-based sample. International Journal of Epidemiology, 25 (5), 1017-22.
Graham WJ, Fitzmaurice AE, Bell JS, Cairns JA (2004) The familial technique for linking maternal death with poverty. Lancet, 363 (9402), 23-7.
Hill K, El Arifeen S, Koenig M, Al-Sabir A, Jamil K, Raggers H (2006) How should we measure maternal mortality in the developing world? A comparison of household deaths and sibling history approaches. Bull World Health Organ,84 (3), 173-80.
Macfarlane A (2001) Enquiries into maternal deaths during the 20th century. In: Why mothers die 1997-1999. The Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths in the United Kingdom. London: RCOG Press, pp. 346-57.
Olsen BE, Hinderaker SG, Lie RT, Bergsjo P, Gasheka P, Kvale G (2002) Maternal mortality in northern rural Tanzania: Assessing the completeness of various information sources. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 81 (4), 301-7.
WHO (2004) Beyond the numbers. Reviewing maternal deaths and complications to make pregnancy safer. Geneva: World Health Organization.
UNFPA (2002) Distance-based learning course. Reducing maternal deaths: selecting priorities, tracking progress. http://www.unfpa.org/dlpi/courses.htm.
Useful references for qualitative research component:
Bernard BR (1994) Research methods in anthropology: qualitative and quantitative approaches. Walnut Creek, CA, Alta Mira Press.
Browner CH, Sargent CF (1996) Anthropology and studies of human reproduction. In: Sargent CF, Johnson TM (Eds.) Medical Anthropology: Contemporary Theory and Method. Revised edition ed. Westport, CT, Praeger.
Lambert H, McKevitt C (2002) Anthropology in health research: from qualitative methods to multidisciplinarity. British Medical Journal, 325, 210-3.
Lock M, Scheper-Hughes N (1996) A critical-interpretive approach in medical anthropology: rituals and routines of discipline and dissent. In: Sargent CF, Johnson TM (Eds.) Medical Anthropology: Contemporary Theory and Method. Westport, Connecticut, Praeger.
Sargent CF, Johnson TM (Eds.) (1996) Medical Anthropology: Contemporary Theory and Method. Westport, CT, Praeger.
Trostle J, Sommerfield J (1996) Medical anthropology and epidemiology. Annual Review of Anthropology, 25, 253-274.
Trotter R, Schensul JJ (1998) Methods in applied anthropology. In: Bernard HR (Ed.) Methods in Cultural Anthropology. Walnut Creek, CA, AltaMira Press.
True WR (1996) Epidemiology and Medical Anthropology. In: Sargent CF, Johnson TM (Eds.) Medical Anthropology: Contemporary Theory and Method. Westport, Connecticut, Praeger.
Useful references for domestic violence:
WHO (2001) Putting Women First: Ethical and Safety Recommendations for Research on Domestic Violence against Women. Geneva, World Health Organization. (http://www.who.int/gender/violence/womenfirtseng.pdf)
WHO (2005) Multi-country Study on Women's Health and Domestic Violence against Women. Geneva, World Health Organization. (http://www.who.int/gender/violence/who_multicountry_study/en/index.html)
Information on use of the K10 scale (National Comorbidity Survey, Harvard): http://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/k6_scales.php